Detail from Shin Takarajima (The New Treasure Island) by Osamu Tezuka (1947).
It is hard to imagine how Japan's manga industry, as well as its animation industry, could have grown to their current scale and diversity without [Osamu Tezuka's] pioneering example...His influence in Japan could be seen as equivalent to that of Walt Disney, Hergé, Will Eisner and Jack Kirby rolled into one...
— Paul Gravett, Manga: Sixty Years of Japanese Comics
In April 1947, a 19-year-old Japanese medical student published Shin Takarajima (The New Treasure Island), which became a bestselling cultural phenomenon (Bouissou, 2010, p. 25). Considered the first work of kindai (modern) manga, Shin Takarajima launched the career of arguably the most influential mangaka of all time: Osamu Tezuka. Referred to as the "god" or "father" of manga, Tezuka is credited with pioneering many of the visual storytelling conventions still present in the medium today (Serchay, 2010, p.57). While Tezuka is best known for his works aimed at children — including Tetsuwan Atomu (Mighty Atom or Astro Boy), Ribon no Kishi (Princess Knight) and Jungle Taitei (Jungle Emperor, later made into an animated film entitled Kimba the White Lion which is said to have inspired Disney's Lion King) — he made several works for adult audiences as well. Notable among these are Metropolis, a science-fiction tale inspired by a single frame of Fritz Lang's film of the same name, and Hi no Tori (Phoenix), an epic work that Tezuka crafted over thirty years and which he considered his masterpiece.